Hardware

The term hardware refers to the physical components forming the computer which are nothing but input, output, storage and processing units and additional accessories such as system unit, mouse, keyboard, monitor, disk drives etc.

Computer hardware comes in two basic types: (1) External  (2) Internal

External :

It refers to hardware that connects to the outside of the computer case. For an example monitor, keyboard, and mouse are the common external hardware devices. The speakers and printer are also external hardware components.

Internal :

It refers to hardware that inside the computer case. For an example: Central Processing Unit (CPU), RAM, Disk drives, and Mother Board are internal hardware components.

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Computer Cabinet

A cabinet  also known as a computer case, computer chassis, tower or a simply word “system unit”. The cabinet generally metal or plastic container that holds  all  the electrical  components, and protects the components of the computer like the Motherboard, Central Processing Unit (CPU), Hard  Disk, RAM chips, Floppy drive and CD- ROM drive etc.,

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What is Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS)

A power supply unit or PSU is also known as Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is an internal hardware component used to provide power for the computer system. It converts the alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) use by the computer Components. The power  supply unit also regulates the voltage in a computer. The power supply converts 110-115 (or) 220-230 volt alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) that is required for computer components to work properly. Typically the most basic computer systems are Suitable for 250 to 300 watt power supply.

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What is Motherboard and Parts of a Motherboard

Motherboard is the Central Printed Circuit Board (PCB) of modern computers. It is one of the main part of a computer and allows the CPU, RAM and all other computer components to function with each other. All computer components attached to the motherboard, it contains the connectors for attaching additional boards and other peripherals like ports, expansion slots, and memory chips that control functions like video and networking. All the main parts of the components plug into the motherboard to share data. The motherboard also known as Main board, System board and Logic board.

 Parts of a Motherboard :

•    Central Processing Unit (CPU) Socket : For connecting computer processor.

•    Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Slot : For connect Graphics cards, Sound cards, Ethernet cards and Modems etc.

•    CMOS Battery : It’s used for storing data such as system date and time.

•    Floppy Drive Connector :  For connecting Floppy Drive.

•    RAM slots (DIMM and SIMM) : They are  two types, one of the DIMM stands for (Double Inline Memory Module) slots and another SIMM stands for (Single Inline Memory Module). These types of slots are hold the RAM chips of your computer.

•    IDE/SATA Connector : This type of connector  used for Hard disks, CD drives, and DVD drives.

•    Parallel or (LPT) Port (25 pin D connector) : For connect Scanners and Printers.

•    Power Connector (20 pin connector) : The main power supply connector is the most important cable that proceeds from the power supply.

•    PS/2 Connector : It’s used to connect for the keyboard and the mouse.

•    USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port : It’s used for connecting pen drives, external hard drives and  portable data storage device.

•    Game Port (15 pin D connector) : It’s used to connect all gaming devices for example, a Joystick.

•    Sound Card Connector : It’s used to connect Microphone or Speakers.

•    Display Connector : It’s used to Connecting Monitor.

•    COM (Communication) Port : It’s used to connect Mouse and Modem.

•    Microphone Connector : It’s used for connecting the microphone to the computer.

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Computer Parts

I think that the Personal Computer is really a collection of separate items working more pleasant and efficient.

Let's take a look at each of these parts.

 

(1) Motherboard

(2) CPU (Processor)

(3) RAM (Memory)

(4) Hard Drive

(5) CD - Rom

(6) Floppy Drive

(7) Key Board

(8) Mouse

(9) Speakers

(10) Monitor

Basic Components :

(1) System Unit (CPU)

(2) Monitor

(3) Key Board

(4) Floppy Drive / Hard Drive

Optional Components :

(1) Mouse

(2) Printer

(3) Scanner

(4) Modem

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Look at Input and Output Devices:

Input Devices:

·         Digital camera

·         Keyboard

·         Microphone

·         Mouse

·         Scanner

·         Web Cam

·         Light pen

·         Joy stick etc.,

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Output Devices:

·         Monitor

·         Printer

·         Plotter

·         Speaker

·         Projector etc.,

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Hardware & Software

The term hardware refers to the physical components forming the computer which are nothing but input, output, storage and processing units and additional accessories.

The term of software refers to programs which are invisible to the eye and which are essential to be made use by the user to run on the computers either to run the system or to run his job. Software is a set of programs and the program is a set of the instructions. An instruction is any character or word or group of words which instruct the computer in a way that the computer can understand.

Software is broadly classified into two types.

(a) System Software

(b) Applications Software

System Software:

System Software is used to run the system and control the system. System software mainly consists of operating system and maintenance tools.

Operating system acts as the interface between the applications software and the hardware. it consists of  3 basic modules. Namely (a) I-O Control (b) File Control (c) Process Control

The operating  system is a set of programs that are used to make the resources of the computers to be available  to the user of the application software. The maintenance tools include antivirus tool kit and some utilitie software to make the system run in good condition. Anti Virus tool kit is software to fight the virus and protect the stem from bugs and troubles. These bugs and troubles are created by the virus, the software to disturb the maintenance and running of the computer and software in good condition.

Application Software:

Application software is that which is used by the user for writing his own applications. It is sub-divide into 3 categories

a) Application Programs

b) Programming Languages

c) Utilities

a) Application Programs

An Application program is a software designed for a specific type of applications like documentation, graphics etc.,

b) Programming Languages

programming language is a language which is used to write some programs to do a specific job. It  is universal in nature.

c) Utilities

Utilities are one type of software which give support for the user in using other type of Application Software.

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