Memory Types

MEMORY UNIT AND IT'S TYPES:

There are two types of computer memory (1) Primary (2) Secondary. Primary memory is accessible directly by the processing unit. RAM is an example of primary memory. RAM stores data temporarily. RAM will loose its contents when the power is switched off or if there is power failure. Secondary memory is located outside the computer. Primary  memory is more expensive than secondary memory. Secondary storage devices to store large quantity of data for future use.

 

Memory Unit :

It is a device that can accept data or instruction, hold them and deliver then on demand at a later time. The  memory unit is also referred as primary storage.

Memory is of two types.

I. Primary Memory

II. Secondary Memory

(I). Primary Memory:

Primary Memory  is mainly of two types

(a) Random Access Memory (RAM)

(b) Read only memory (ROM)

(a) Random Access Memory (RAM)

During the executing of a program that data required by the program is stored in Ram. It provides a volatile storage, i.e. the data are lost in the even to a power failure. So Ram used to store data temporarily.

RAM is 3 types:

1. Dynamic Ram (DRAM)

2. Static Ram (SRAM)

3. Cache Memory

Dynamic Ram:

This is computer memory, that losses its memory capability once the power source is removed.

Static Ram:

This is Ram of Ram provides a static storage of data.

Cache Memory:

It is very speed memory which used to store portion of a programme from the main memory temporarily. This cache memory is more faster but more expensive. Data is transferred automatically between the buffer and primary storage.

(b) Read only memory (ROM):

In this memory, basic start up routines and BIOS (Basic Input Output Systems) are permanently loaded during the manufacturing time. It provides a non-volatile storage. i.e., the data does not get erased when the power is switched off.

ROM is 4 Types :

(a) ROM (Read Only Memory) :

This is stored at the time of manufacture of the chips

(b) Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM):

Once the chip has been programme, the recorded information can't be changed. i.e. the PROM becomes rom and the storaged information can only be read.

(c) Erasable & Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM):

It is similar to PROM except that erasing is possible by exposing to ultraviolet Radiation.

(d) Electrically Erasable & Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM):

A recently developed type of memory that can be programmed and erased by electrically signals. EEPROM used in many electronic devices.

(II).Secondary Memory:

Secondary memory storage is used to store the data and program permanently.Secondary memory is located outside the computer. Secondary storage devices to store large quantity of data for future use.

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